CSAI

Corpus of Sabaic Inscriptions (work in progress)


INSCRIPTION INFORMATION

LanguageAncient South Arabian » Sabaic » Central Middle Sabaic
AlphabetAncient South Arabian
Script typologyMonumental writing
Writing techniqueIncision
Chronology
PeriodD
Date(c180-217 AD)
Textual typologyDedicatory text - fragmentary

GENERAL NOTES

Chronology is based on the mention of Ydʿʾb Ġyln, king of Ḥaḍramawt.

TEXT


      [... ...]
   1  [... ... b]-ḏt hws²ʿ-hmw b-hyt s¹bʾ[t]n w-[hw]fy-[hmw ... ...]
   2  [... ...] ẓwrw ʾḥmrn b-mṣnʿtn ḏt-ʿrmn ʾtym bn ʾrḍ Ḥmyrm w-ḥmdm-b-ḏt [ḫmr] Tʾ[lb ... ...]
   3  [... ...]-hmw w-ʾtmt ʾḫ-hw Ydʿʾb Ġyln mlk Ḥḍrm[w]t w-ḫms¹y-hmw ḫms¹ mlk S¹bʾ w-ḫm[s¹ ... ...]
   4  [... ...] ṣdqm ḏ-yhrḍyn-hmw w-bry ʾ[ʾ]ḏnm w-mqymtm [w]-l ṯbr w-ht[l]f[n w]-hlqḥn w-ṣrʿn b[... ...-h]—
   5  mw Ḥmln b-ʿṯtr w-Hbs¹ w-ʾlmqhw Ṯhwn w-Ṯwr Bʿlm bʿly ʾwm w-[ḏt] Ḥmym w-[ḏt Bʿdn]m [... ...]

Apparatus
In the upper lost part CIH integrates the king of Sabaʾ ʿlhn Nhfn as author of the dedication together with his son and Ydʿʾb Ġyln king of Ḥaḍramawt. However, Jamme notes: "the text was written not by the king, but by at least two (hmw in hws²ʿ-hmw in l.1) persons related to the tribe Ḥumlān, and who may have been descendants of the author of Ja 562" (Jamme 1962: 290).
CIH gives the following integrations:
2[b-kn] (beginning); ʾtmt] (end).
3[mlk]-hmw; at the end ḫm[s¹ Ḥḍrmwt].
4[mhrgt]-hmw or [mnlt]-hmw (beginning); b[n s²nʾ s²ʿb-h]mw (ll.4-5).

TRANSLATIONS

English

      [... ...]
   1  [... ...] that (He) granted them in that expedition, and bestowed them [... ...]
   2  [... ...] and (they) besieged the Himyarites (being) in the fortress ḏt-ʿrmn in their return from the land of Ḥimyar, and in praise because Tʾlb granted [... ...]
   3  [... ...] ... and the pact of his ally Ydʿʾb Ġyln king of Ḥaḍramawt and their two army forces, the army of the king of Sabaʾ and the army [... ...]
   4  proper [... ...] which will satisfy them, and soundness of faculties and material resources, and may [He] crush, destroy, rout and ? [... ... their tribe]
   5  Ḥmln, by ʿṯtr, Hbs¹, ʾlmqh Ṯhwn and Ṯwr Bʿlm, the two Masters of ʾwm, ḏt Ḥmym and ḏt Bʿdnm [... ...].

OBJECT INFORMATION

Support typeUnknown
Link to object record

ORIGIN AND PROVENANCE

Origin
Modern siteḤāz
Ancient siteḤzym
Geographical areaHamdān
CountryYemen
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CULTURAL NOTES

The preserved narrative section of this dedicatory text refers to the alliance of a king of Sabaʾ - ʿlhn Nhfn - with Ydʿʾb Ġyln, king of Ḥaḍramawt.

BIBLIOGRAPHY

Jamme 1962 aJamme, Albert W.F. 1962. Sabaean Inscriptions from Maḥram Bilqîs (Mârib). (Publications of the American Foundation for the Study of Man, 3). Baltimore: Johns Hopkins Press.