CT 10
Ryckmans, Gonzague 1944: 162-163, pl. LXIV 1
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INSCRIPTION INFORMATION
| Language | Ancient South Arabian » Ḥaḍramitic | ||
| Alphabet | Ancient South Arabian | ||
| Script typology | Monumental writing | ||
| Writing technique | Incision | ||
| Chronology |
| ||
| Textual typology | Construction text |
TEXT
1 Bnʾl bn ʿmḏmr Yrmyhn k—
2 br Rmy s¹ḥds³ ṣlwt Mḏbm b-hy ʿḏḏ—
3 m s²ls³(hn) w-b-s²[rk] (R)my |
| 1 | The nisbe adjective Yrmyhn shows a slight morphological modification compared to the name Rmy, from which it derives. |
| 3 | Integration based on CT 74 and Rb XIV/87 n. 65. |
TRANSLATIONS
| English | |
1 Bnʾl son of ʿmḏmr, of the tribe Rmy, 2 kbr of Rmy, restored the façade of Mḏbm in the 3 third year of ʿḏḏm, with the support of Rmy. |
| 3 | The correct interpretation of hy as a noun indicating the (eponymate) year has been done by Multhoff (p.c. to the CSAI project, also mentioned in Stein). "Avec la participation" (G. Ryckmans, on the basis of Arabic šārika). |
| Stein 2011: 179 | Stein, Peter 2011. Review of Avanzini, Alessandra (ed.) 2008. A port in Arabia between Rome and the Indian Ocean (3rd C. BC-5th C. AD). Khor Rori Report 2. (Arabia Antica, 5). Rome: «L'Erma» di Bretschneider. Zeitschrift der Deutschen Morgenländischen Gesellschaft, 161: 177-181. |
OBJECT INFORMATION
| Deposit | al-Mukallā, Museum |
| Support type | Stone inscription |
| Material | Stone |
| Measures | h. 31, w. 48 |
| Link to object record |
ORIGIN AND PROVENANCE
| Modern site | Ḥurayḍa |
| Ancient site | Mḏbm |
| Geographical area | Western Ḥaḍramawt |
| Country | Yemen |
| Archaeological context | Religious context: Temple of S¹yn ḏ-Mḏbm |
| Link to site record |
CULTURAL NOTES
The dedicant is a magistrate (kbr) of the Rmy tribe. According to Frantsouzoff (2003), the formula: b-s²rk Rmy indicates a religious community rather than a socio-political group (as the word s²ʿb "tribe"). He links the formula to: šrkt Tmwdw "confédération des Thamoudéens", found in a Greek-Nabataean text from Rawwāfa.
The inscription is dated by an eponym. Frantsouzoff (2001) firstly assumed that there were two eponymate systems in the kingdom of Ḥaḍramawt: one for "national" level records and another, a "local" one, which was used in the cities of the Ḥaḍramawt valley. However, recently he rejected this hypothesis, which was based on the different onomastic formula of the eponyms, bearing the mention of the lineage name in the case of the "national" eponymate. He now interpretes the addition of the lineage name as a diacronic variation that is a consequence of a change in the social organization of Ḥaḍramawt (2013).
The formula is introduced by b-hy: according to A. Multhoff (p.c. to CSAI project, also cited in Stein), although not etymologically clear, hy must mean "year".
The formula is introduced by b-hy: according to A. Multhoff (p.c. to CSAI project, also cited in Stein), although not etymologically clear, hy must mean "year".
BIBLIOGRAPHY
| Ryckmans, Gonzague 1944: 162-163, pl. LXIV/1 | Ryckmans, Gonzague 1944. Epigraphy. The inscriptions from the Moon Temple. Pages 155-184 in Gertrude Caton Thompson. The Tombs and Moon Temple of Hureidha (Hadhramaut). (Reports of the Research Committee and of the Society of Antiquaries of London, 13). Oxford: Oxford University Press. |
| Frantsouzoff 2001 d: 164-165 | Frantsouzoff, Serguei A. 2001. Novye dannye o hadramautskom eponimate. Epigrafika Vostoka, 26: 161-173. |
| Frantsouzoff 2003 c: 61 | Frantsouzoff, Serguei A. 2003. Raybūn et la Mecque (politique et religion en Arabie préislamique). Notes préliminaires. Arabia. Revue de Sabéologie, 1: 59-64. |
| Stein 2011: 179 | Stein, Peter 2011. Review of Avanzini, Alessandra (ed.) 2008. A port in Arabia between Rome and the Indian Ocean (3rd C. BC-5th C. AD). Khor Rori Report 2. (Arabia Antica, 5). Rome: «L'Erma» di Bretschneider. Zeitschrift der Deutschen Morgenländischen Gesellschaft, 161: 177-181. |
| Frantsouzoff 2013: 50-53 | Frantsouzoff, Serguei A. 2013. L'éponymat ḥaḍramawtique et sa place parmi les systèmes de datation par éponyme attestés au Yémen antique. Pages 49-61 in Françoise Briquel-Chatonnet, Catherine Fauveaud and Iwona Gajda (eds). Entre Carthage et l’Arabie heureuse. Mélanges offerts à François Bron. (Orient & Méditerranée, 12). Paris: de Boccard. |