Av. Aqmar 1 Ir 77
By kind permission of K. Noman
- By kind permission of K. Noman
- By kind permission of K. Noman
- By kind permission of K. Noman
- By kind permission of K. Noman
- By kind permission of K. Noman
- By kind permission of K. Noman
- By kind permission of K. Noman
- By kind permission of K. Noman
- By kind permission of K. Noman
- Avanzini 1985: pl.15/2
Image free from copyright - Avanzini 1985: pl. 16
Image free from copyright - Avanzini 1985: pl. 15/1
Image free from copyright
INSCRIPTION INFORMATION
| Language | Ancient South Arabian » Sabaic » Southern Middle Sabaic | ||
| Alphabet | Ancient South Arabian | ||
| Script typology | Monumental writing | ||
| Writing technique | Relief | ||
| Measure of letters | 5 | ||
| Chronology |
| ||
| Textual typology | Construction text |
TEXT
1 [... ...]s²ʿr Yr(ʿ)ẓ q(y)l [S²]ddm w-(ʾbrt)ʿ Yhḥmd w-Ḏʾbm bny Ṯʾrn [ḏ-]
2 (S¹l)yt w-S¹mhs¹mʿ brʾw w-hgbʾ w-ndb w-ṯwbn mḥfd-hmw R(dʿm) mḥfd bny Gm(n)—
3 [m ..] (hgrn) (Ytrm) b[... ...] w-ṣlw-hw bn mwṯrm ʿdy s²qrm b-mqm w-rdʾ ʿṯtr S²rqn w-ʾl-(hm)[w]
4 ʿṯtr ḏ-Ẓhr-Ys¹r w-mnḍḥ-hmw ʿṯtr ḏ-ʾlmm w-b-mqm w-rdʾ mrʾ-hmw Ys¹rm Yhṣdq ml(k)
5 S¹bʾ w-ḏ-Rydn w-bny-hw S²mr w-Lʿzm w-b-m[q]ymt w-ʾ[ḫ]yl w-ws²(ʿn) s²ʿb-hmw S²ddm Yhqb—
6 ḍ w-ṯwb ḏn mḥfdn ʾb[r]tʿ Yhḥmd bn Ṯʾrn ḏ-S¹lyt w-S¹mhs¹mʿ |
7 b-ywm tbrl bn byt S¹mhs¹mʿ byt [bny ]Gm(n)m (ḏ)-b-hg[r]n (Y)trm
| Reading based on the new photos taken by Kh. Noman. | |
| 3, 7 | hgrn Ytrb (l. 3) and Ytrb (l. 7) (al-Iryānī). |
| 5 | qhyl w-ws²ʿ (al-Iryānī). |
| 7 | For the reading tbrl instead of the previously accepted tbrg, see Mazzini 2011: 130-131 and references cited. |
TRANSLATIONS
| English | |
1 [... ...]s²ʿr Yrʿẓ qyl of S²ddm and ʾbrtʿ Yhḥmd and Ḏʾbm from the family of Ṯʾrn 2 ḏ-S¹lyt and S¹mhs¹mʿ built, repaired, constructed and completed their tower Ryʿm, the tower of the family Gmnm, 3 [... ...] city of Ytrm b[... ...] and its façades from foundation to top, by the power and the help of ʿṯtr S²rqn and their god 4 ʿṯtr ḏ-Ẓhr Ys¹r and their tutelary deity ʿṯtr ḏ-ʾlmm, and by the power and the help of their lord Ys¹rm Yhṣdq king of 5 Sabaʾ and ḏu-Raydān and his sons S²mr and Lʿzm, and by the authority, the power and the favour of their tribe S²ddm Yhqbḍ; 6 and ʾbrtʿ Yhḥmd descendant of Ṯʾrn ḏ-S¹lyt and S¹mhs¹mʿ repaired this tower, 7 after the house of the family Gmnm bought it for herself from the house of the family S¹mhs¹mʿ, that in the city of Ytrm. |
OBJECT INFORMATION
| Support type | Inscription on architectural structure |
| Material | Stone |
| Measures | h. 0.44, w. 128 |
| Link to object record |
ORIGIN AND PROVENANCE
| Modern site | al-Aqmār |
| Ancient site | Ytrm |
| Geographical area | Dhamār |
| Country | Yemen |
| Found | Reemployed. In modern times |
| Archaeological context | Urban context: Tower Ryʿm |
| Notes | The inscribed block is inserted above the entrance door of the mosque of al-Aqmār, a village that is also the origin of the inscription, since it is mentioned in the text with its ancient name, Ytrm. |
| Link to site record |
BIBLIOGRAPHY
| Avanzini 1985: 85-93, pls 15/1-2 and 16 | Avanzini, Alessandra 1985. Problemi storici della regione di al-Ḥadāʾ nel periodo preislamico e nuove iscrizioni. Pages 53-115 in Pelio Fronzaroli (ed.). Studi Yemeniti. (Quaderni di semitistica, 14). Florence: Istituto di linguistica e di lingue orientali, Università di Firenze. |
| al-Iryānī 1992: 52-71, photo | al-Iryānī, Muṭahhar 1992. Naqšāni min al-Aqmār. Dirāsāt Yamanīya, 47: 52-71. |
| Mazzini 2011: 130-131 | Mazzini, Giovanni 2011. Osservazioni epigrafiche, filologiche e comparative su alcuni testi legali sabei al British Museum. Egitto e Vicino Oriente, 34: 129-147. |