RES 3691 Q 68; CSAI I, 199
INSCRIPTION INFORMATION
| Language | Ancient South Arabian » Qatabanic » Central Qatabanic | ||
| Alphabet | Ancient South Arabian | ||
| Script typology | Monumental writing | ||
| Writing technique | Incision | ||
| Chronology |
| ||
| Textual typology | Legal text | ||
| Royal inscription | Yes |
TEXT
1 S²hr Hll Yhnʿm bn Ydʿʾb mlk Qtbn ṣry w-s¹f[ḥ b](n) Ḥṭbm mḥrm ʿm ḏ-Dwnm w-bn Rṣfm mḥrm |
2 ʾnby S²ymn w-bn tḥt (S²)ms¹ w-rbʿ S²hr ʾdm-s¹ ʿmydʿ w-Hfnm bnwy Hybr w-Hwfʾl bn-mw Hy—
3 br ʾbn w-Rʾbʿm bn Ḥyw w-ʿlym w-Ys²ḥrʿm bnwy R(b)ḥ w-ʾḫhy-s¹my ʾrby ʿm ḏ-Lbḫ w-tʾnṯ-s¹—
4 m w-ʾwld-s¹m bn s¹nṣfm w-s¹kt w-ʾḫḏ w-gddm l-ʿṣm wdm w-bntm w-s²ftm l-ʿm w-ʾṯr—
5 t n-l ys¹tfḥwn ʾrby ʿm ḏ-Lbḫ w-tʾnṯ-s¹m w-bny-s¹m w-bnty-s¹m b-ʿlw ḏt mḥrtn w-ṣr—
6 ytn w-ṣry S²hr ʾdm-s¹ ʾrby ʿm ḏ-Lbḫ w-tʾnṯ-s¹m w-bny-s¹m b-ṣdq-s¹m ḥg ḏt mḥrtn w-ṣrytn w-
7 ʾs¹ṭr-s¹ w-ṯfṭ S²hr ʾdm-s¹ ʾrby ḏ-Lbḫ l-s¹ṭr w-ftḫ ḏtn ʾs¹ṭrn b-s¹rn Lbḫ w-mḥd-s¹m b-
8 byt ʿm ḏ-Lbḫ b-ḏ-Ġylm w-b ḫlfn ḏ-S³dw b-Tmnʿ wrḫ-s¹ ḏ-Tmnʿ ḫrf S²hrm ḏ-Ygr ʾḫr—
9 n w-l yhlkwn w-ṣtdq ʾrby ʿm ḏ-Lbḫ ḥg-ḏt mḥrtn w-ṣrytn w-ḥg ṣrytm s¹ṭr l-s¹—
10 m S²hr Ygl w-tʿlm-ʾy yd S²hr
TRANSLATIONS
| English | |
1 S²hr Hll Yhnʿm, son of Ydʿʾb, king of Qataban, proclaimed the oracular decision and publicly announced from the Ḥṭbm temple of ʿm ḏ-Dwnm and from the Rṣfm temple 2 of ʾnby S²ymn and under the protection of S²ms¹ and Rbʿ S²hr for his subjectsʿmydʿ and Hfnm those of Hybr and Hwfʾl, he of Hy- 3 br ʾbn, and Rʾbʿm, he of Ḥyw, and ʿlym and Ys²rḥʿm, sons of Rbḥ, and their fellow clansmen the Priests of ʿm ḏ-Lbḫ with their womenfolk 4 and their children, on the basis of performing ritual actions and obeying (?) and submitting (?) and making offerings (?) for (the establishment of) a covenantal relationship of love and affiliation and good promise with ʿm and ʾṯr- 5 t; then let the Priests of ʿm ḏ-Lbḫ and their womenfolk and their sons and their daughters hold themselves bound in accordance with this edict and oracular deci- 6 sion; and S²hr proclaimed the oracular decision for his subjects the Priests of ʿm ḏ-Lbḫ and their womenfolk and their sons to their benefit according to this edict and oracular decision and 7 its written records; and S²hr ordered for his subjects the Priests of Lbḫ to write and to inscribe these written records in the valley of Lbḫ and in their own devoted space in the 8 temple of ʿm ḏ-Lbḫ in ḏ-Ġylm and within the gate ḏ-S³dw in Timnaʿ; its month ḏ-Tmnʿ, the last year of S²rhm he of Ygr; and let the Priests of ʿm ḏ-Lbḫ conform themselves and receive their due according to this edict and oracular decision which S²hr Ygl had written for 9 them; and the signature (was made by) the hand of S²hr. |
| Mazzini 2020: 163-164 | Mazzini, Giovanni 2020. The Ancient South Arabian royal edicts from the Southern Gate of Timnaʿ and the Ǧabal Labaḫ. (Epigraphische Forschungen auf der Arabischen Halbinsel, 8). |
OBJECT INFORMATION
| Support type | Inscription on architectural structure » Gate |
| Material | Stone |
| Link to object record |
ORIGIN AND PROVENANCE
| Modern site | Hajar Kuḥlān |
| Ancient site | Tmnʿ |
| Geographical area | Wādī Bayḥān |
| Country | Yemen |
| Found | In situ |
| Archaeological context | Urban context: City gate ḏ-S³dw |
| Link to site record |
BIBLIOGRAPHY
| Mazzini 2020: 163-176, 205-210, fig. 25 | Mazzini, Giovanni 2020. The Ancient South Arabian royal edicts from the Southern Gate of Timnaʿ and the Ǧabal Labaḫ. (Epigraphische Forschungen auf der Arabischen Halbinsel, 8). |