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M 358 JSMin 27 + JSMin 12; RES 3697
INSCRIPTION INFORMATION
| Language | Ancient South Arabian » Minaic » Marginal Minaic | ||
| Script | Ancient South Arabian | ||
| Script typology | Monumental writing | ||
| Text direction | Right-to-left | ||
| Text appearance | Recessed | ||
| Execution technique | Incision | ||
| Measure of letters | 3 | ||
| Chronology |
| ||
| Textual typology | Dedicatory text - fragmentary |
GENERAL NOTES
| The two fragments of the inscription, which had been reemployed and found separately in Dedan, were recognised as pertaining to the same text by Grimme (Grimme 1924: 187-191). |
TEXT
1 [... ...](n)wk bn Wddʾl ḏ-Ġrbt [... ...]
2 [... ... ]Mwʾ(l) ḏt qny bn ʾws¹ bn Ḥy(w) [... ...]
3 [... ... l]wʾtn Mwʾl w-qny-s¹ w-ḏ tqn(y gz)[yt ... ...]
4 [... ... N]krḥ w-yqny w-s¹bs¹l b-s¹ w-s¹nʾ kl ʾf[... ...]
5 [... ... h]n mhm w-Mwʾl ṣdqt w-ʿhd w-s¹wf[y ... ...]
6 [... ...] w-fd(y)t-s¹ ʿ(nn) ʿl(yt ḏt) (ṣ)[ḥftn ... ...]
7 [... ...]
8 [... ...]y ʿ[.]tʿr [... ...]
9 [... ... lwʾ](t)n Mwʾl w-qny-s¹ rtm w-rṯdt Mwʾl ṣ[lwt-s¹ ... ...]
10 [... ... w-ʾs¹]ṭr-s¹ ʾlʾlt Mʿn bn ḏ-ys¹nkr-s¹m w-yfʾ-s¹[m ... ...]
11 [... ... y]wmt ʾbkr(b) Y(ṯʿ) ml(k) Mʿn(m) w[.](h) ṣ[... ...]((<w->Wqh<ʾl> Ṣ[dq ... ...]))
12 [... ...]Dṯʾ ḏ-kbrh ʾws¹ ḏ-S²ʿb q(dmn kb)[rh-s¹ ... ...]
13 [... ...]y [... ...](y)s²n b-[... ...]
| Grimme's edition has been accepted by RES and Garbini. | |
| 1 | at the end: Grimme suggests [ktrb ... ...]. |
| 2 | before the final lacuna, Jaussen and Savignac's facsimile - but not their transcription - records (kf). |
| 3 | the editors restore gz[yt], but cf. ḏ-qny gzz (M 333). |
| 6 | [... ... s²ʾm-s¹] integrated by all the editors. |
| 7 | the line has been inserted by Grimme to join the two fragments; the lacuna could be longer. |
| 8 | Jaussen and Savignac (followed by all the editors) read: [... ...]ḍy (ʿb)tʿr (ḥ)[... ...]. |
| 9 | Rtm is interpreted by Jaussen and Savignac as the name of the property. |
| 9-10 | ṣ[ḥftn ... ... (Grimme), but most probably: ṣ[lwt-s¹ w-s¹qnyt-s¹ w-ʾs¹]ṭr-s¹. |
| 11 | Jaussen and Savignac's facsimile is very unclear. The epithet Yṯʿ is rather illegible. From Grimme onwards, the following words have been restored as "mlk Mʿn w-Wqh[ʾl] Ṣ[dq ... ...]". This restoration, though seeming quite probable as Wqhʾl Ṣdq was the son of ʾbkrb Yṯʿ, is very far from the evidence of the facsimile. Ryckmans, Jacques 1951: 15, n.9 rejects the restoration because of the unusual title's pattern. Wissmann 1976 a: 382 restores [b-y]wm ʾbkrb Yṯʿ mlk Mʿnm w-ʾḫ ṣ[... ... |
| 12 | Jaussen and Savignac record (t)dṯʿ and interpret the word as a verb ("inaugurer"). The following editors accept the reading, but in the translation leave the initial t and consider Dṯʿ a name of month. |
| 13 | b-bḏ[... ...] by all the editors, although in the facsimile one reads b-k(ḏ)[... ...]. |
TRANSLATIONS
| English | |
1 [... ...]nwk son of Wddʾl ḏ-Ġrbt [... ...] 2 [... ...] Mwʾl of whom (or, which) he took possession from ʾws¹ son of Ḥyw [... ...] 3 [... ...] the priestess Mwʾl and her property and what she will own ? [... ...] 4 [... ...] Nkrḥ and he will own and ? [... ...] 5 [... ...] whatsoever and Mwʾl claimed proprietorial rights and established and granted [... ...] 6 [... ...] and her (or, his) payment on the basis of this document [... ...] 7 [... ...] 8 [... ...] 9 [... ...] the priestess Mwʾl and her property as an outstanding obligation (?) and Mwʾl committed her act to the protection of [... ...] 10 [... ...] and her inscriptions under the protection of the gods of Maʿīn from anyone who would damage and take them away [... ...] 11 [... ...] at the time of ʾbkrb Yṯʿ king of Maʿīn [... ...] 12 [... ... in the month of] Dṯʿ of the kabirate of ʾws¹ ḏ-S²ʿb, his first kabirate [... ...] 13 [... ...] |
OBJECT INFORMATION
| Support type | Stone piece |
| Material | Stone |
| Dimensions | h. 24, w. 46 (fragment a: ll.1-6); h. 21, w. 483 (fragment b: ll.8-13) |
| Link to object record |
ORIGIN AND PROVENANCE
| Modern site | al-ʿUlā |
| Ancient site | Ddn |
| Geographical area | Ḥijāz |
| Country | Saudi Arabia |
| Found | Reemployed. In modern times |
| Link to site record |
BIBLIOGRAPHY
| Jaussen and Savignac 1914: 261-263, pl. 97/12 (JSMin 12); 292-294, pls 76/27, 101/27 (facsimile) (JSMin 27) | Jaussen, Antonin J. and Savignac, M. Raphael 1914. Mission archéologique en Arabie. II. El-ʿEla, d'Hégra à Teima, Harrah de Tebouk. (Publications de la Société française des fouilles archéologiques, 2). Paris: Librairie orientaliste Paul Geuthner. |
| Wissmann 1976 a | Wissmann, Hermann von 1976. Die Geschichte des Sabäerreichs und der Feldzug des Aelius Gallus. Pages 308–544 in Hildegard Temporini (ed.). Politische Geschichte. (Provinzen und Randvölker: Mesopotamien, Armenien, Iran, Südarabien, Rom und der Ferne Osten). Hildegard Temporini and Wolfgang Haase (eds), Aufstieg und Niedergang der Römischen Welt. Geschichte und Kultur Roms im Spiegel der neueren Forschung. II. 9/1. Berlin: Walter de Gruyter / New York: Walter de Gruyter. |
| Ryckmans, Jacques 1951 a | Ryckmans, Jacques 1951. L'institution monarchique en Arabie Méridionale avant l'Islam (Maʿîn et Saba). (Bibliothèque du Muséon, 28). Louvain: Publications universitaires. |
| Grimme 1924 | Grimme, Hubert 1924. Der südarabische Levitismus und sein Verhältnis zum Levitismus in Israel. Le Muséon, 37: 169-199. |