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RES 3692 Q 69; CSAI I, 200
INSCRIPTION INFORMATION
| Language | Ancient South Arabian » Qatabanic » Central Qatabanic | ||
| Script | Ancient South Arabian | ||
| Script typology | Monumental writing | ||
| Text direction | Right-to-left | ||
| Text appearance | Recessed | ||
| Execution technique | Incision | ||
| Chronology |
| ||
| Textual typology | Legal text | ||
| Royal inscription | Yes |
TEXT
1 [S²hr Ygl bn] Ydʿʾb mlk [Qtbn ṣry] w-s¹fḥ bn Ḥṭbm mḥrm ʿm ḏ-Dwnm w-bn Rṣfm mḥrm ʾnby S²ymn |
2 [w-bn] tḥt S²ms¹ w-rbʿ S²hr ʾdm-s¹ Mʿdkrb bn Hybr w-Wdʾl bn Rbḥ w-ʾḫhy-s¹my ʾrby ʿm ḏ-Lbḫ w-tʾnṯ-s¹m
3 [w-]ʾwld-s¹m bn s¹nṣfm w-s¹kt w-ʾḫḏ w-(gd)dm l-ʿṣm wdm w-bnt(m) w-s²ftm l-ʿm w-ʾṯrt n-l ys¹tfḥwn ʾrby ʿm |
4 ḏ-Lb(ḫ) w-tʾnṯ-s¹m w-bn-s¹m b-ʿlw ḏt mḥrtn w-ṣrytn w-ṣry S²hr ʾdm-s¹ ʾrby ʿm ḏ-Lbḫ w-t(ʾnṯ)-(s¹m) w-bn—
5 (y)-(s¹)m b-ṣdq-s¹m ḥg-ḏt mḥrtn w-ṣrytn w-ʾs¹ṭr-s¹ w-ṯfṭ S²hr ʾdm-s¹ ʾrby ḏ-Lbḫ l-s¹ṭr w-(ftḫ) ḏtn ʾs¹ṭrn
6 b-s¹rn Lbḫ w-b mḥd-s¹m b-byt ʿm ḏ-Lbḫ b-ḏ-Ġylm wrḫ-s¹ ḏ-S¹ḥr ḫrf Ġwṯʾl ḏ-Byḥn ʾḫrn |
7 w-tʿlm-ʾy yd S²hr
| 1 | a large part of the upper section of the text is today lost; we edited the text offered by Rhodokanakis (RES), correcting the name Hll to Ygl. |
TRANSLATIONS
| English | |
1 [S²hr Ygl] son of Ydʿʾb king of [Qataban proclaimed the oracular decision] and publicly announcecd from the Ḥṭbm temple of ʿm ḏ-Dwnm and from the Rṣfm temple of ʾnby S²ymn 2 [and under] the protection of S²ms¹ and RbʿS²hr for his subjects Mʿdkrb he of Hybr and Wdʾl he of Rbḥ and their clansmen, the Priests of ʿm ḏ-Lbḫ, with their womenfolk 3 [and] their children, on the basis of performing ritual actions and obeying (?) and submitting (?) and making offerings (?) for (the establishment of) a covenantal relationship of love and affiliation and good promise with ʿm and ʾṯrt; then let the Priests of ʿm 4 ḏ-Lbḫ and their womenfolk and their sons hold themselves bound in accordance withy this edict and oracular decision; and S²hr proclaimed the oracular decision for his subjects the Priests of ʿm ḏ-Lbḫ and their womenfolk and their sons 5 to their benefit according to this edict and oracular decision and its written records; and S²hr ordered for his subjects the Priests of Lbḫ to write and to inscribe these written records 6 in the valley of Lbḫ and in their own devoted space in the temple of ʿm ḏ-Lbḫ in ḏ-Ġylm; its month ḏ-S¹ḥr, the last year of Ġwṯʾl he of Byḥn; 7 and the signature (was made by) the hand of S²hr. |
| Mazzini 2020: 161-162 | Mazzini, Giovanni 2020. The Ancient South Arabian royal edicts from the Southern Gate of Timnaʿ and the Ǧabal Labaḫ. (Epigraphische Forschungen auf der Arabischen Halbinsel, 8). |
OBJECT INFORMATION
| Support type | Architectural structure » Gate |
| Material | Stone |
| Link to object record |
ORIGIN AND PROVENANCE
| Modern site | Hajar Kuḥlān |
| Ancient site | Tmnʿ |
| Geographical area | Wādī Bayḥān |
| Country | Yemen |
| Found | In situ |
| Archaeological context | Urban context: City gate ḏ-S³dw |
| Link to site record |
BIBLIOGRAPHY
| Mazzini 2020: 161-162, 165-176, 203-204, fig. 22-23 | Mazzini, Giovanni 2020. The Ancient South Arabian royal edicts from the Southern Gate of Timnaʿ and the Ǧabal Labaḫ. (Epigraphische Forschungen auf der Arabischen Halbinsel, 8). |