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RES 3854 Q 72; CSAI I, 202
INSCRIPTION INFORMATION
| Language | Ancient South Arabian » Qatabanic » Central Qatabanic | ||
| Script | Ancient South Arabian | ||
| Script typology | Monumental writing | ||
| Text direction | Right-to-left | ||
| Text appearance | Recessed | ||
| Execution technique | Incision | ||
| Chronology |
| ||
| Textual typology | Legal text | ||
| Royal inscription | Yes |
TEXT
1 ḥg-km s¹ḥr w-ḥrg S²hr Hll bn Ḏrʾkrb mlk Qtbn s²ʿbn Qtbn w-ḏ-ʿls³n w-Mʿnm w-ḏ-
2 ʿṯtm ʾbʿl ẓrwb ʿdw S³dw k-ḏm b-yfrwn w-ʾgw w-ʾhw w-ḥrṯ w-qẓr w-ʿzz w-s¹qḥ w-s¹ʿhd
3 s²ʿbm s²ʿbm ẓrbt-s¹ ywmmyw ywmmyw b-wrḫm b-ʿs¹tnm ḏ-Frʿm w-s¹dṯm ḏ-Fqḥw b-
4 wrḫm wrḫm b-ʿbr-s¹ bd ʾwrḫn w-ḫrwfn w-ʾy ʾy ʾs¹dm b-ydr w-s¹ḫdʿ bn wfr |
5 w-ʿs²q w-s¹qḥm w-s¹ʿhdm ẓrbt-s¹ ḥg-ḏn ḏ-mḥrn w-l yhb w-s¹twfy dwrn w-ms¹ḫd—
6 ʿn ʾbʿl s¹yt ẓrbtn b-ʿm mlkn w-kbr Tmnʿ b-ʿs²r ʿs²r ḫbṣtm mṣʿm l-ṭt ṭt
7 ywmm ḏtm b-ydr w-s¹ḫdʿ bn ʿs²q w-s¹qḥm w-s¹ʿhdm ẓrbt-s¹ ḥg-ḏn ḏ-mḥrn w-l ylṣ—
8 q w-qrw w-s¹ʿḏb w-s¹ʾgy w-ʿthd ḥg-ḏn ḏ-mḥrn kbr Tmnʿ w-hmw ys¹s¹lb kbrn bn l—
9 ṣq w-qrw w-ʿthdm w-s¹ʿḏbm ḥg-ḏn ḏ-mḥrn f-l yʿtny mlkn b-ḫṭʾtn w-l yftḫ ḥg-
10 ḏn ḏ-mḥrn b-ḫw ḫlfn ḏ-S³dw wrḫ-s¹ ḏ-ʿm ḫrf ʾbʿly bn S²ḥz qdmn w-tʿlm-ʾy yd S²hr
TRANSLATIONS
| English | |
1 Thus decreed and commanded S²hr Hll son of Ḏrʾkrb king of Qataban for the Qataban tribe and ḏ-ʿls³n and Mʿnm and ḏ- 2 ʿṯtm, the lords of the land properties in S³dw, that they shall cultivate and labour and toil and plough and harvest and strengthen and lay out and tend, 3 each tribe its own land property, on each of the two days every month (that is) the (day) one of the (decade) ḏ-Frʿm and the (day) six of the (decade) ḏ-Fqḥw, 4 month after month in its succession within the temporal span of months and years and particularly whatsoever person causes trouble and damage (hindering the activities) of cultivating 5 and tilling and laying out and tending his own (of each tribe) land property according to the present edict, then let (this person), who causes trouble and damage 6 pay and indemnify the lords of that land property through the authority of the king and the kabīr-magistrate of Timnaʿ with ten legally standard ḫbṣtm each for each 7 day, that (day) in which he (the aforementioned person) causes trouble and damage (hindering the activities) of tilling and laying out and tending his own (of each tribe) land property according to the present edict and let the kabīr-magistrate of Timnaʿ prosecute 8 and pursue and impose an amercement and punish and attend to according to the present edict, and if (this) kabīr-magistrate is prevented from 9 prosecuting and pursuing and attending to and imposing an amercement according to the present edict, then let the king concern himself with the offences; and let it be inscribed according 10 to the present edict in the passageway of the gate ḏ-S³dw; its month ḏ-ʿm, the first year of ʾbʿly he of S²ḥz; and the signature (was made by) S²hr. |
| Mazzini 2020: 225-226 | Mazzini, Giovanni 2020. The Ancient South Arabian royal edicts from the Southern Gate of Timnaʿ and the Ǧabal Labaḫ. (Epigraphische Forschungen auf der Arabischen Halbinsel, 8). |
OBJECT INFORMATION
| Support type | Architectural structure » Gate |
| Material | Stone |
| Link to object record |
ORIGIN AND PROVENANCE
| Modern site | Hajar Kuḥlān |
| Ancient site | Tmnʿ |
| Geographical area | Wādī Bayḥān |
| Country | Yemen |
| Found | In situ |
| Archaeological context | Urban context: City gate ḏ-S³dw |
| Link to site record |
BIBLIOGRAPHY
| Mazzini 2020: 225-260, fig. 26 | Mazzini, Giovanni 2020. The Ancient South Arabian royal edicts from the Southern Gate of Timnaʿ and the Ǧabal Labaḫ. (Epigraphische Forschungen auf der Arabischen Halbinsel, 8). |