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RES 3879 Q 79; Ja 105, b2; CSAI I, 211
By kind permission of Mission Qatabān
photo of the central fragment
photo of the central fragment
INSCRIPTION INFORMATION
| Language | Ancient South Arabian » Qatabanic » Central Qatabanic | ||
| Script | Ancient South Arabian | ||
| Script typology | Monumental writing | ||
| Text direction | Right-to-left | ||
| Text appearance | Recessed | ||
| Execution technique | Incision | ||
| Chronology |
| ||
| Textual typology | Legal text - fragmentary | ||
| Royal inscription | Yes |
TEXT
1 [S²hr Y]gl bn Ydʿʾb mlk Qtbn ḥgr w-s¹ḥrm ḥrmn ʿṣm ʿ—
2 [ṣm mlk]n S²hr s²ʿbn Qtbn w-ʾdm mlkn w-bny-s¹m w-tʾnṯ-s¹m
3 [w-bnty-s¹]m w-ʾmty-s¹m w-ʾdwm-s¹m w-ġbr-s¹m w-wmy-s¹m bn-ḏw
4 [... ...](m)tm kl ʾwldm w-mrʾtm b-yld b-Tmnʿ w-ʾmwr-s¹
5 [... ...]ys¹tʿdw bn-ḥg ḏn ḥgrn w-ḥrmnn w-bḏl w-fl[ṭ]
6 [nfs¹-s¹ w-qn]y-s¹ l-S²hr w-ḏtw tḥrg-s¹ wrḫ-s¹ ḏ-Brm ʾḫr—
7 [n ḫrf ... ... ḏ-](Ḏ)rʾn qdmn w-hlyt-ʾy ʿlhtm w-tʿlm-ʾy
8 yd S²hr
| The inscription is today almost completely lost, except small fragments still in situ; we offer here the text by Rhodokanakis (RES). | |
| 6 | for the integration, see RES 4931. |
TRANSLATIONS
| English | |
1 S²hr Ygl son of Ydʿʾb king of Qataban prohibited and applied an interdiction as a protective bond 2 [ which links (?)] the king S²hr with the Qataban tribe and the subjects of the king and their sons and their women-folk 3 [and their daughters] and their female and male subjects and their dependents and their clients, against 4 [... ... and the act of causing the death (?)] of male and feminine children who are born in Timnaʿ and within its borders 5 [... ... and whoever (?)] contravenes the ordinance of this prohibition and interdiction then he gives and assigns 6 his life and his possessions to S²hr; and those of his authority (?); its month the latter ḏ-Brm , 7 the first year of [... ...] he of Ḏrʾn; and these are the certified documents (?) and the signature 8 (was made by) the hand of S²hr. |
| Mazzini 2020: 351-352 | Mazzini, Giovanni 2020. The Ancient South Arabian royal edicts from the Southern Gate of Timnaʿ and the Ǧabal Labaḫ. (Epigraphische Forschungen auf der Arabischen Halbinsel, 8). |
OBJECT INFORMATION
| Deposit | Aden, The National Museum, NAM 2135=AM 24.35 |
| Support type | Architectural structure » Gate |
| Material | Stone |
| Link to object record |
ORIGIN AND PROVENANCE
| Modern site | Hajar Kuḥlān |
| Ancient site | Tmnʿ |
| Geographical area | Wādī Bayḥān |
| Country | Yemen |
| Found | In situ |
| Archaeological context | Urban context: City gate ḏ-S³dw |
| Link to site record |
BIBLIOGRAPHY
| Pirenne 1956: pl. XXXIV/a | Pirenne, Jacqueline 1956. Paléographie des inscriptions sud-arabes. Contribution à la chronologie et à l'histoire de l'Arabie du sud antique. (Verhandelingen van de Koninklijke Vlaamse Academie voor Wetenschappen, Letteren en Schone Kunsten van België. Klasse der letteren, 26). Brussels: Paleis der Academiën. |
| Mazzini 2020: 351-352, 354-358, 361-369, fig. 35-36 | Mazzini, Giovanni 2020. The Ancient South Arabian royal edicts from the Southern Gate of Timnaʿ and the Ǧabal Labaḫ. (Epigraphische Forschungen auf der Arabischen Halbinsel, 8). |